Central to the Ministry of Preschool and School Education (MoPSE) reform agenda is the shift to a modern standards-based education approach that aligns instruction and outcomes to specific competencies or standards. Such an approach includes student learning standards — the knowledge, concepts, and skills that students need to acquire — and materials, assessments, instructional practices, and teacher professional development that align to the student standards. In 2019, the Republican Education Center defined learning objectives for each subject in the benchmark years and stated that improvement was needed to develop well-defined, wellarticulated, and grade-level appropriate standards for language arts skill areas of listening, speaking, reading, and writing for each grade. A move to a standards-based approach required that instructional materials aligned to standards and that teachers were equipped with the resources they need to bring standards-based instruction to life in their classroom.