Primary 2 Lugwere Pupil Book developed by National Curriculum Development Center with support from RTI through USAID and the USAID/Uganda School Health and Reading Program. This and other curricular materials made available on SharEd are not for revision or resale inside our outside of Uganda.

Modul Perkuliahan Membaca dan Menulis Kelas Awal untuk LPTK. Modul yang dikembangkan atas kerja sama Florida State University dan Universitas Negeri Semarang ini berisi: Unit 1: Pengantar perkembangan literasi di kelas awal sekolah dasar Unit 2: Pondasi dasar membaca dan menulis: Bahasa lisan dan pemahaman menyimak Unit 3: Langkah pertama dalam belajar membaca dan menulis: Mengembangkan kesadaran bunyi (kesadaran fonologi) Unit 4: Keterampilan pra-membaca dan menulis: konsep-konsep tulisan dan kesadaran alfabet Unit 5: Transisi ke teks: Belajar membaca kata Unit 6: Mendukung pengembangan keterampilan membaca kata: SAS Minggu 7: Peer teaching/lesson study, berdasarkan konsep-konsep yang dibahas dalam unit 1 - 6 Minggu 8: Ujian, berdasarkan konsep-konsep yang dibahas dalam unit 1 - 6 Unit 9: Mendukung pemahaman: Mengembangkan kelancaran membaca anak Unit 10: Mendukung pemahaman: Mengembangkan keterampilan kosakata anak Unit 11: Menggabungkan semuanya: Mengembangkan pemahaman membaca anak Unit 12: Mengembangkan budaya membaca: Mendorong membaca perorangan dan mandiri Unit 13: Peranan menulis di kelas-kelas awal sekolah dasar Unit 14: Mengembangkan keterampilan literasi dalam pendekatan tematik Minggu 15: Peer teaching/lesson study, berdasarkan konsep-konsep yang dibahas dalam unit 9 - 14 Minggu 16: Ujian, berdasarkan konsep-konsep yang dibahas dalam unit 9 – 14. // The module, developed in collaboration with Florida State University and Semarang State University, contains: Unit 1: Introduction to the development of literacy in the early grades of primary school Unit 2: Basic foundations of reading and writing: Oral language and listening comprehension Unit 3: The first step in learning to read and write: Develop sound awareness (phonological awareness) Unit 4: Pre-reading and writing skills: written concepts and alphabet awareness Unit 5: Transition to text: Learn to read words Unit 6: Supports the development of word reading skills: SAS Week 7: Peer teaching / lesson study, based on concepts discussed in units 1-6 Week 8: Exams, based on concepts discussed in units 1-6 Unit 9: Support understanding: Develop children's reading fluency Unit 10: Supporting understanding: Developing children's vocabulary skills Unit 11: Combine everything: Develop children's reading comprehension Unit 12: Develop a reading culture: Encourage individual and independent reading Unit 13: The role of writing in the early grades of elementary school Unit 14: Develop literacy skills in a thematic approach Week 15: Peer teaching / lesson study, based on concepts discussed in units 9-14 Week 16: Exams, based on concepts discussed in units 9-14.

Children’s development is significantly attributed to their experiences at home, from birth through the early years of schooling, and responsive caregiving from early on has a significant impact on later learning outcomes. Interventions aimed at increasing parental engagement in children’s early learning can be expensive, however, and there is limited evidence as to what works best for parenting programs in low- and middle-income countries. This report presents the findings from a parent engagement pilot intervention conducted by the Tayari program in three counties in Kenya that tested two methods of providing parents with home-based responsive play activities to promote children’s holistic development.

Improving early grade reading and writing outcomes has implications more far-reaching than simply raising scores on national and international assessments. Reading is a fundamental tool for thinking and learning, which has an integrated and cumulative effect on comprehension in all subject areas. Providing students with a strong foundation in reading increases the likelihood of future academic and workforce success. By providing Palestinian teachers with additional strategies and resources to build essential primary students’ reading and writing skills, the US Agency for International Development (USAID) Early Grade Reading (EGR) Project supported the goal of the USAID mission in the West Bank/Gaza of “providing a new generation of Palestinians with quality education and competencies that would enable them to thrive in the global economy and empower them to participate actively in a well-governed society.” Specifically, EGR addressed USAID’s strategic Sub-objective 3.1.5 to improve “service delivery in the education sector through increased access to quality education, especially in marginalized areas of the West Bank; a higher quality of teaching, learning and education management practices; and improved quality and relevancy of the education system at all levels.” EGR also directly supports USAID’s global goal to improve early grade reading skills. In support of the overarching goals, EGR’s project goal was to facilitate change in classroom delivery of early grade reading and writing instruction through three inter-connected component areas including evidence-based standards and curriculum revisions, instructional improvements, and parental engagement activities designed to improve student reading and writing competencies in Kindergarten (KG)–Grade 2 in the West Bank. EGR offered a scalable model of early grade reading instruction in 104 West Bank public schools among 351 teachers who taught 9,679 students. EGR collected data through reviews of curricular and standards’ documents, studies in schools, and assessments of students’ reading competencies. The project developed book leveling criteria to ensure the age- and grade-level appropriateness of reading materials, which facilitated the development or procurement of over 100,000 books for schools. EGR provided the Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MOEHE) with training modules in early grade reading and writing skills, a reading remediation manual, and a school-based professional development model. The project created innovative materials for parents to use to enhance their children’s reading skills. Despite its abbreviated timeframe, the project provided the MOEHE with a wealth of educational data, materials, and resources, including many interventions offered for the first time in the Palestinian educational system.

The US Agency for International Development (USAID) Early Grade Reading Project (EGR) cooperated closely with the Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MOEHE) to provide each student in EGR classrooms with age- and grade-level appropriate reading materials. In March 2018 EGR formed the Materials Development Technical Working Group (TWG) comprised of 10 members from four MOEHE General Directorates: General Education – Kindergarten (KG), Supervision and Educational Qualifications; National Institute of Education and Training (NIET); and Information Technology. The TWG methodically progressed through many stages before the complementary reading materials reached the classrooms: developing a book leveling instrument, inventorying the available books in the schools and in the market, leveling the available books, identifying the gaps, and finally developing and/or purchasing needed reading materials. By project end, EGR had developed or procured over 100,000 titles of leveled readers, decodable readers, big books, and read-aloud books to provide the 104 schools that EGR supports with complementary reading materials for KG-Grade 2 classrooms. EGR, in coordination with a TWG from the MOEHE, developed criteria to determine the grade-level appropriateness of the complementary reading materials. EGR considered two factors in determining a book’s appropriateness: level and readability. Both leveling and readability are necessary for determining the texts that students should be reading.

The US Agency for International Development (USAID) Early Grade Reading Project (EGR) cooperated closely with the Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MOEHE) to provide each student in EGR classrooms with age- and grade-level appropriate reading materials. In March 2018 EGR formed the Materials Development Technical Working Group (TWG) comprised of 10 members from four MOEHE General Directorates: General Education – Kindergarten (KG), Supervision and Educational Qualifications; National Institute of Education and Training (NIET); and Information Technology. The TWG methodically progressed through many stages before the complementary reading materials reached the classrooms: developing a book leveling instrument, inventorying the available books in the schools and in the market, leveling the available books, identifying the gaps, and finally developing and/or purchasing needed reading materials. By project end, EGR had developed or procured over 100,000 titles of leveled readers, decodable readers, big books, and read-aloud books to provide the 104 schools that EGR supports with complementary reading materials for KG-Grade 2 classrooms.

The US Agency for International Development (USAID) Early Grade Reading (EGR) Project in the West Bank completed its first year successfully with the completion of assessments and surveys, curriculum and standards reviews, and instructional materials in preparation for Year 2 implementation in schools. EGR worked closely with the Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MOEHE) to ensure their partnership in project activities. EGR administered two important assessments: a Time on Task (TOT) study, which determined the amount of time classroom teachers spent on reading and writing instruction, and the project baseline assessment, which provided a snapshot of the strengths and weaknesses of the students in the EGR-supported schools. The team also conducted a comprehensive review of the MOEHE’s standards and curricular documents related to early grade reading and writing to inform the development of the training materials and the complementary reading materials. By the end of the first year, EGR had established to support the MOEHE to implement a high-quality reading and writing program in 104 EGR-supported primary schools.

EGR developed the EGR book leveling tool in cooperation with the personnel from the Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MOEHE). In early March 2018, EGR formed the materials development technical working group (TWG) with the participation of ten members from four ministry departments: General Education – KG, Supervision and Qualifications, NIET, and Information Technology). (See Annex A: Materials Development Technical Working Group Members)

Given the dearth of research on early numeracy interventions in low- and middle-income countries, this paper presents the instructional methodology and impact results of the Tayari program. Tayari is a preprimary intervention in Kenya (2014–2019) that prepares children aged four and five for entry into primary school by providing materials for students, training for teachers, and continuous in-classroom support. The Tayari methodology was built on the Kenyan government’s preprimary syllabus to produce instruction that was developmentally sequenced, linked to out-of-school experiences, and supportive of children’s number sense. Tayari was evaluated using a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and collection of longitudinal data from 2,957 children in treatment and control schools at three time points. Pupil assessment items were drawn from a growing body of research on preprimary numeracy in developing contexts, plus instruments and techniques from the Measuring Early Learning and Quality Outcomes (MELQO) program (UNESCO, UNICEF, Brookings Institution, & World Bank Group, 2017). The impact evaluation of the longitudinal RCT results showed statistically significant effects in the numeracy tasks of producing sets, identifying numbers, and naming shapes, while revealing no initial effects in the areas of oral and mental addition. We present recommendations for Tayari’s improvement in terms of mathematics instruction, as well as preprimary policy implications for Kenya and similar contexts.

This is Part 4 of a four-part comprehensive evaluation of the public textbook procurement system in Morocco. This final section of the Strengthening the Textbook Production Chain in Morocco series addresses the issue of how to ensure a long-term, sustainable system of textbook financing for all students in government schools. It also explores options available to the Ministry of Education of Morocco, based on examples from countries that have responded to the same challenges.